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Analysing the Trend and Variability in Corruption Perception: A Study of Sub-Sahara African Countries from 2012-2020
Chima Paul 1, Samuel Olorunfemi Adams 2 *
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1 Department of Public Administration, University of Abuja, Nigeria
2 Department of Statistics, University of Abuja, Nigeria
* Corresponding Author
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Research Article

Dutch Journal of Finance and Management, 2025 - Volume 8 Issue 1, Article No: 34251
https://doi.org/10.55267/djfm/16202

Published Online: 24 Mar 2025

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APA 6th edition
In-text citation: (Paul & Adams, 2025)
Reference: Paul, C., & Adams, S. O. (2025). Analysing the Trend and Variability in Corruption Perception: A Study of Sub-Sahara African Countries from 2012-2020. Dutch Journal of Finance and Management, 8(1), 34251. https://doi.org/10.55267/djfm/16202
Vancouver
In-text citation: (1), (2), (3), etc.
Reference: Paul C, Adams SO. Analysing the Trend and Variability in Corruption Perception: A Study of Sub-Sahara African Countries from 2012-2020. DUTCH J FINANCE MANA. 2025;8(1):34251. https://doi.org/10.55267/djfm/16202
AMA 10th edition
In-text citation: (1), (2), (3), etc.
Reference: Paul C, Adams SO. Analysing the Trend and Variability in Corruption Perception: A Study of Sub-Sahara African Countries from 2012-2020. DUTCH J FINANCE MANA. 2025;8(1), 34251. https://doi.org/10.55267/djfm/16202
Chicago
In-text citation: (Paul and Adams, 2025)
Reference: Paul, Chima, and Samuel Olorunfemi Adams. "Analysing the Trend and Variability in Corruption Perception: A Study of Sub-Sahara African Countries from 2012-2020". Dutch Journal of Finance and Management 2025 8 no. 1 (2025): 34251. https://doi.org/10.55267/djfm/16202
Harvard
In-text citation: (Paul and Adams, 2025)
Reference: Paul, C., and Adams, S. O. (2025). Analysing the Trend and Variability in Corruption Perception: A Study of Sub-Sahara African Countries from 2012-2020. Dutch Journal of Finance and Management, 8(1), 34251. https://doi.org/10.55267/djfm/16202
MLA
In-text citation: (Paul and Adams, 2025)
Reference: Paul, Chima et al. "Analysing the Trend and Variability in Corruption Perception: A Study of Sub-Sahara African Countries from 2012-2020". Dutch Journal of Finance and Management, vol. 8, no. 1, 2025, 34251. https://doi.org/10.55267/djfm/16202
ABSTRACT
This study examines trends and variability in the Corruption Perception Index (CPI) across 48 Sub-Saharan African (SSA) nation using cross-sectional data from 2012 to 2020 from Transparency International. Based on expert polls, the CPI rates public sector corruption from 0 (high corruption) to 100 (low corruption). Analysis was conducted using STATA 15 and included descriptive statistics, data visualization, correlation matrices, and one-way ANOVA. The findings show a steady yearly growth in the CPI, with major anti-corruption advancements in Botswana, Rwanda, Namibia, and Senegal. While the Democratic Republic of Congo, Sudan, and South Sudan continued to struggle with corruption, Niger, Gabon, Mali, and Togo demonstrated only little progress. The average CPI decreased somewhat from 32.9 in 2012 to 32.2 in 2020, indicating a minor regional impact, notwithstanding individual country efforts. ANOVA results showed no significant variations in corruption levels over time (F = 0.031, P = 0.987), but strong correlations (P < 0.01) suggest persistent CPI trends. These results highlight the necessity of focused policy initiatives and long-term governance reforms to solve persistent corruption problems in SSA. The study concludes that, in spite of evidence of relative effectiveness in governance and anti-corruption initiatives countries like Botswana, Rwanda, Namibia, and Senegal stand out as the top nations with the lowest perceived levels of corruption.
KEYWORDS
Analysis of Variance Corruption Perception Index Sub-Saharan African Transparency International Anti-corruption Corrupt practices
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